Under their command, the Arab armies carried the new faith and leadership from the Arabian Peninsula to the shores of the Mediterranean and to the eastern reaches of Iran. The Arabs conquered Syria, Palestine, and Egypt from the Byzantine empire , while Iraq and Iran, the heart of the Sasanian empire , succumbed to their forces.
Here in these lands, Islam fostered the development of a religious, political, and cultural commonwealth and the creation of a global empire.
Thus, calligraphy started to gain prominence, becoming essential also to Islamic ornament. The early structure, known as the hypostyle mosque, included a columned hall oriented toward Mecca and an adjacent courtyard surrounded by a colonnade.
The call to prayer was given from a rooftop later the minaret was developed for this purpose. Essential elements of the mosque were a minbar pulpit for the Friday sermon and a mihrab prayer niche set in the wall oriented toward Mecca.
Yalman, Suzan. Eventually Muslims defeat the Crusaders and regain control of the holy land. Islam continues to spread throughout Asia. Malaysian traders interact with Muslims who teach them about Islam. Ottomans conquer the Byzantine seat of Constantinople and change its name to Istanbul.
Circa C. Approximately 30 percent of Africans forced into slavery in the United States are Muslim. Muslim immigrants from the Arab world voluntarily come to the United States until the Asian Exclusion Act is passed in World War I ends with the defeat and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, which was the last of the Islamic empires.
Many regions populated by Muslims in Africa and Asia are colonized by Europeans. Traditional religious ways of life are threatened and, in some cases, destroyed.
The Nation of Islam is created in the U. It is based on some Islamic ideas, but contains innovations, such as the appointment or declaration of Elijah Muhammad as a prophet. The state of Israel is created. Muslim students come to the U. Wallace D. Muhammad, the son of Elijah Muhammad, takes over leadership of the Nation of Islam after his father's death and brings most of his followers into mainstream Islam.
In some other applications, such as the International Red Cross and Red Crescent humanitarian aid movement, a red crescent indicates that followers of Islam are respected and treated accordingly.
The color green is also sometimes associated with Islam, as it was reportedly a favorite color of Muhammad's and is often featured prominently in the flags of predominantly Muslim countries.
This faith-based code of conduct directs Muslims on how they should live in nearly every aspect of their lives. Sharia law requires men and women to dress modestly. It also outlines marriage guidelines and other moral principles for Muslims.
If crimes are committed, Sharia law is known for its harsh punishments. Adultery can carry the penalty of death by stoning. However, many Muslims do not support such extreme measures. The prophet Muhammad is credited with building the first mosque in the courtyard of his house in Medina. Mosques today follow some of the same principles he established in A.
Muslim prayer is often conducted in a mosque's large open space or outdoor courtyard. A mihrab is a decorative feature or niche in the mosque that indicates the direction to Mecca, and therefore the direction to face during prayer.
Men and women pray separately, and Muslims may visit a mosque five times a day for each of the prayer sessions. In addition to hosting prayers, mosques often function as public gathering places and social centers.
While some Muslims use their faith to justify terrorism, the vast majority do not. In fact, Muslims are frequently victims of violence themselves.
Recent surveys have found that in countries with high Muslim populations, the majority of Muslims have overwhelmingly negative views of terrorist groups like ISIS. While Muslims aim to clear up misconceptions about their faith, the religion continues to spread rapidly.
Experts predict Islam will surpass Christianity as the largest religion by the end of the century. Islam, BBC. What is Sharia Law and How is it Applied? Pew Research Center. The Islamic Calendar: TimeandDate. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present.
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