They also trigger the uterine muscles to contract, which helps expel the uterine lining during menstruation. Prostaglandins are also involved in inducing labor contractions and childbirth. If your levels of prostaglandins are too high, it can trigger uterine contractions that are more intense. When the uterine contractions are especially strong, oxygen is temporarily cut off to parts of the muscle, which can lead to painful period cramps.
Teens can experience worse period cramps because they naturally have higher levels of prostaglandins. As they get older and these levels decrease, the intensity of their cramps can also lessen. Some people also have easier, less painful periods after they give birth. Period cramps that are caused by the normal activity of prostaglandins are called primary dysmenorrhea. This type of painful period should not negatively impact your fertility.
Period cramps that are caused or worsened by other diseases or abnormalities of the reproductive system are called secondary dysmenorrhea. It's this type of painful period that can be associated with trouble getting pregnant.
Within the context of secondary dysmenorrhea, menstrual cramps can be caused by diseases that impact fertility. Some of these diseases develop over time, meaning you might not have symptoms right away or you might develop worsening symptoms as time goes on. There are several reproductive health conditions that can affect your periods and fertility. Endometriosis is notorious for causing painful periods and possible infertility. With this condition, a type of tissue that is similar to the endometrium the tissue that usually lines the uterus grows in places outside of the uterus where it shouldn't.
This tissue responds to monthly hormone variation and bleeds often leading to scar tissue and pain. The condition often goes undiagnosed and untreated for years, if not decades. Adenomyosis is when the endometrium grows within and into the muscle of the uterus.
This is different from endometriosis, where endometrium-like tissue grows outside of the uterus. Adenomyosis can cause painful and heavy periods. Fibroids are muscular growths that can occur in or on the uterus, cervix, and even pelvic ligaments.
They are typically benign and tend to grow during the reproductive years. Many people never know they have fibroids. However, the growths occasionally can cause pain, reduced fertility, and possibly increase the risk of miscarriage. Another possible cause of bad menstrual cramps that can also impact your fertility is pelvic inflammatory disease PID.
PID is caused by an infection in the reproductive organs, often an untreated or under-treated sexually transmitted infection. PID leads to the formation of scar tissue , which often looks like webbing between the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus. If the test is negative, but no period occurs within 1 or 2 weeks of when it was due, it is also a good idea to see a doctor. The doctor can help determine the reason for a late or missed period and recommend treatment options.
They can also address concerns about any unusual symptoms. A missed period is often one of the first signs of pregnancy, but there are a variety of other reasons why a person might not menstruate.
Learn which…. Menstrual cramps are a natural occurrence, but severe cramps can affect a person's quality of life.
Here, learn how to manage them and when to see a…. Many women experience symptoms of premenstrual syndrome PMS , including anxiety, pain, mood swings, and food cravings.
For some, it can make everyday…. How to tell the difference between PMS and pregnancy symptoms. Medically reviewed by Holly Ernst, P. Mutual symptoms Symptoms unique to pregnancy When to see a doctor Premenstrual syndrome causes several symptoms that closely resemble those of early pregnancy. Mutual symptoms of PMS and pregnancy. Share on Pinterest Changes in hormones may cause women to crave sweet foods before their period.
Symptoms unique to pregnancy. Share on Pinterest Nausea and vomiting are common in early pregnancy. When to see a doctor. Exposure to air pollutants may amplify risk for depression in healthy individuals. Related Coverage. Can you miss a period and not be pregnant?
What to know about menstrual cramps. A breast cancer diagnosis does not mean having to lose your breast, now that many treatment options are available. Dr Leong Hoe Nam, an infectious disease specialist at Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, provides the answers to important questions about the Zika virus.
The Achilles tendon is the strongest tendon in our bodies, yet Achilles tendonitis is one of the most common sports injuries for the ankle. Read more about Achilles tendonitis and its special connection to women. Heart attack symptoms in women are often 'silent' but the consequences of not noticing them can be life threatening.
Besides frequent heart screenings, knowing the signs can help prevent heart attacks. Follow us Orchard Novena. Uterine fibroids Uterine fibroids are common non-cancerous growths that develop in the muscular wall of the uterus. There are also non-surgical methods to treat uterine fibroids, such as: Uterine fibroid embolisation. This involves injecting small particles into the arteries to the uterus to cut off blood flow to fibroids, causing them to shrink and die.
This technique can be effective but be cautioned that complications may occur if the blood supply to your ovaries or other organs is compromised. MRI-guided ultrasound. Magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound MRGFU is a non-invasive outpatient procedure that uses high intensity focused ultrasound waves to destroy the fibroid tissue.
During the procedure, an interventional radiologist uses magnetic resonance imaging MRI to see inside the body to deliver the treatment directly to the fibroid. Medical treatments. Medicines can also be used to treat fibroids. A commonly used medication is the gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonists GnRHa , which act to induce a menopause-like state causing reduction in the size of the fibroid and uterus.
Other medical therapies include androgenic agents, progestins, oral contraceptive pills, and anti-fibrinolytic medication. Endometriosis Endometriosis is a painful disorder in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of your uterus grows outside your uterus, ie. Treating endometriosis Treatment for endometriosis is usually with medication or surgery, depending on the severity of your symptoms and whether you hope to have a baby.
Hormone therapy Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists GnRHa block the production of ovarian-stimulating hormones, lowering oestrogen levels and preventing menstruation.
This causes endometrial tissue to shrink. These induce a menopause-like state, and could lead to side effects such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness and bone loss. Taking a low dose of oestrogen or progestin along with GnRHa may decrease these side effects.
Progesterone can halt menstrual periods and reduce the growth of endometrial implants, which may relieve endometriosis signs and symptoms. Oral contraceptives help menstrual periods become lighter, shorter, and more regular. They also help with pain relief while taking the pills as the endometriosis is suppressed. Some mild side effects may include weight gain, bloating, and bleeding between periods. Surgery If you have endometriosis and are trying to become pregnant, surgery to remove as much endometriosis as possible while preserving your uterus and ovaries conservative surgery may increase your chances of success.
Ovarian cysts Cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can form in the ovaries as part of the follicle which develops monthly with the egg. Ovarian cysts that can affect your fertility include: Endometriomas.
Endometriomas are cysts caused by endometriosis. These ovarian cysts may be associated with fertility problems. Ovarian cysts resulting from ovulation disorders. Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS is a condition marked by irregular ovulation and high levels of certain hormones. PCOS is associated with irregular menstrual cycles, which may contribute to problems with fertility in some women.
Treating ovarian cysts Most ovarian cysts will go away naturally. Surgery to treat ovarian cysts Alternatively, surgery may be needed to confirm the diagnosis of ovarian cysts, to remove cysts that is persistent, growing, or causing you pain.
Laparoscopy Your gynae can perform a laparoscopy to remove the cyst if your cyst is non-cancerous. Get it checked If you experience severe period pains, do not brush it off as normal — consult your gynaecologist to be sure.
Sometimes this is mistaken as a period, but spotting is usually much lighter than a regular period. Another sign of early pregnancy that can be confused with PMS or a regular period is cramping.
During pregnancy, blood flow increases all over the body. Increased blood flow in the uterus can cause cramping. These cramps are usually mild, but if they become severe enough to affect your daily routine, you should see your doctor. Strange food cravings are a staple cliche in TV and films about pregnant women. However, that stereotype is rooted in reality. Many pregnant women develop cravings or aversions to food a few weeks after conception.
Your favorite foods might suddenly make you nauseous. Or you may lose your appetite altogether. For some women, pregnancy makes their sense of smell go into overdrive. Exaggerated reactions to certain smells can tie into morning sickness and food preference.
Scents that are not very strong to other people can be pungent and unpleasant to a pregnant woman. A baby pressing on the bladder in the third trimester is not the only thing that causes frequent urination during pregnancy.
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